In medical terms, a bariatric patient refers to an individual who undergoes bariatric surgery, which is a surgical procedure performed to achieve weight loss in individuals with severe obesity. Bariatric surgery is reserved for patients with a body mass index (BMI) exceeding a certain threshold, typically 40 or above, or 35 or above with obesity-related comorbidities.
Bariatric patients often struggle with significant weight-related health issues, such as diabetes, high blood pressure, sleep apnea, and joint problems. The surgery aims to reduce the size of the stomach, modify the digestive system, or both, resulting in decreased food intake, increased satiety, and altered nutrient absorption.
Different types of bariatric procedures are available, including gastric bypass, gastric sleeve, and adjustable gastric banding. Each procedure has its own mechanisms of action and potential benefits. Bariatric surgery is not a standalone solution but rather a part of a comprehensive weight management program that includes lifestyle changes, dietary modifications, and ongoing medical support.